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Susan J. NICHOLS, Fiona J. DYER
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第5期 页码 669-687 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0556-6
关键词: ecological water security biological assessment river health
霍守亮, 张含笑, 金小伟, 曹晓峰, 吴丰昌
《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第5期 页码 1-7 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.05.001
良好的水生态环境是实现中华民族永续发展的内在要求,是生态文明和“美丽中国”建设的重要基础。当前,我国水生态环境形势依然严峻,富营养化、饮用水源地污染、地下水与近海海域污染、新污染物、生态用水短缺等水生态环境问题未得到根本解决。本文系统解析了我国水生态环境总体形势和面临的主要问题,提出了以流域水生态环境质量改善为核心,综合考虑水质改善、水生态保护和水环境风险防控的战略思路、基本原则和战略目标,提出了包括开展重点流域“山水林田湖草沙”协同治理和整体修复科技攻关与示范、开展京津冀协同发展区水环境水生态质量整体提升科技攻关与示范、开展新时期饮用水安全保障科技攻关与示范在内的3 项重大科技工程建议。为推动我国水生态环境安全保障的顺利实施,研究建议:全面系统修订《地表水环境质量标准》,强化其在水生态文明建设中的引领作用;科学评估我国湖泊氮磷营养物的时空差异,实施差异化营养物标准;科学评估我国水生态现状,深化推进水生态监测和评估;构建基于大数据融合的饮用水安全保障智慧化监管平台,保障饮用水安全。
Ecological security evaluation of Africa
Huihui WEI, Wenjuan ZHANG, Feng ZHANG, Guojun SUN
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第4期 页码 467-477 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020320
Africa, the second largest continent in the world, has achieved remarkable economic and political results through exploration and positive development. Ecological security comprehensively reflects the heath and integrity of an ecosystem, and it is broadly defined as the security state of a complex artificial ecosystem composed of natural, economic and social factors. Ecological security determines the potential for sustainable development in Africa, especially with its rapidly developing economies. However, there is a lack of information on the ecological security state of the continent as a whole. In this study, we constructed an evaluation system based on a pressure-state-response model and evaluated the ecological security state of all 54 African countries. The results showed that, at the national level, the ecological security state of the countries in Africa differed, as did their spatial and temporal variations from 1995 to 2016. In general, African countries showed relatively good ecological security. The years 2007 and 2001 were the worst and best years, respectively, in terms of ecological security during the study period. At the regional level, North Africa and West Africa had the best and worst ecological security, respectively.
“中国草地生态保障与食物安全战略研究”项目组
《中国工程科学》 2016年 第18卷 第1期 页码 8-16 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.01.002
草地是我国面积最大的陆地生态系统,在保障国家生态安全、食物安全和弘扬中华草原文明中具有突出的战略地位。本文分析了我国草地资源、草地生态功能、生产力的现状和变动趋势及其主要的影响因素,阐述了目前和未来我国草地生态保障、草地生产力和草牧业发展面临的机遇、挑战和潜力。在以上内容分析的基础上,提出了我国保障草地生态安全和发展草牧业的战略目标、战略重点、关键措施和主要政策建议。
WANG Geng, WU Wei
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第4期 页码 471-476 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0075-4
关键词: environmental Eco-security assessment resource Geographic information non-linear
HIGH QUALITY DEVELOPMENTAL APPROACH FOR SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION AND ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION ON THE
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第4期 页码 501-511 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021425
The Loess Plateau is the core area in the Yellow River basin for implementing environmental protection and high-quality development strategies. A series of ecological projects has implemented aimed at soil and water conservation and ecological management on the Loess Plateau over the past 70 years. The effects of the ecological projects are apparent mainly through a marked increase in vegetation cover, controlled soil erosion and reduced flow of sediment into the Yellow River, continual optimization of the industrial structure and increased production from arable land, poverty alleviation and greater prosperity, and optimal allocation of space for biological organisms. Major problems have also been analyzed in ecological management including the fragile ecosystem of the region, maintaining the stability of vegetation, lower agricultural productivity and continued risk from natural disasters. Some suitable schemes and models have been developed for the coordinated development of the region through research and demonstration, striking the optimum balance between rural industry and ecology, and increased regional capacity to supply high-quality ecological products. Countermeasures to address the problems are suggested to guide ecological management and high-quality development in the future.
关键词: ecological management high quality development industrial structure soil erosion soil and water conservation Loess Plateau
Water, energy and food interactions–Challenges and opportunities
Gustaf OLSSON
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第5期 页码 787-793 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0526-z
关键词: water security energy security food security water-energy nexus water conflicts
石玉林,张红旗,许尔琪
《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第8期 页码 62-69
当前我国资源、生态、环境最为突出的四个大问题是:环境污染、土壤侵蚀、水旱灾害和生物多样性受损,为全面评估我国陆地生态环境安全的态势,本文以水安全、土地安全、大气安全、生物质资源安全,即按水、土、气、生四大要素,选择16个项目,构建中国陆地生态环境安全度评价体系。进而,依据生态环境系统组合的宏观地带性与大区域的相似性与差异性,将中国陆地划分为10个大区,并按大区下的区域间差异划分出54个区块,对各大区生态环境的问题进行评述,提出实现“人与自然”再平衡的建议和措施。
关键词: 生态环境安全度;分区;综合评价;中国
Water environment security indicator system for urban water management
Tian HAO, Pengfei DU, Yun GAO
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第5期 页码 678-691 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0450-7
关键词: water environment security supervision and management monitoring parameter indicator system Suzhou
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第4期 页码 512-524 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2021393
Settlement patterns and social structures have been shaped by access to water since the onset of human societies. This review covers historical and recent examples from Cambodia, Central Asia, India, Latin America and the Arabian Peninsula to analyze the role of water resources in determining the rise and collapse of civilizations. Over recent decades increasing globalization and concomitant possibilities to externalize water needs as virtual water have obscured global dependence on water resources via telecoupling, but rapid urbanization brings it now back to the political agenda. It is foremost in the urban arena of poorer countries where competing claims for water increasingly lead to scale-transcendent conflicts about ecosystem services. Solutions to the dilemma will require broad stakeholder-based agreements on water use taking into account the available data on water resources, their current and potential use efficiency, recycling of water after effective treatment, and social-ecological approaches of improved governance and conflict resolution.
关键词: agroecology historical water use water footprint water governance urbanization
Ecological Risk Management of Drinking Water Project: The Case Study of Kunming City
Ji-liang Zheng,Jun Hu,Xuan Zhou,Ching Yuen Luk
《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2015年 第2卷 第3期 页码 311-319 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015045
关键词: drinking water project ecological risk ecological risk assessment risk management
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第3期 页码 416-431 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021412
Absolute yield and land use efficiency can be higher in multicrops. Though this phenomenon is common, it is not always the case. Also, these two benefits are frequently confused and do not necessarily occur together. Cropping choices become more complex when considering that multicrops are subject to strong spatial and temporal variation in average soil moisture, which will worsen with climate change. Intercropping in agroecosystems is expected to buffer this impact by favoring resistance to reduced humidity, but there are few empirical/experimental studies to validate this claim. It is not clear if relatively higher multicrop yield and land use efficiency will persist in the face of reduced soil moisture, and how the relation between these benefits might change. Here, we present a relatively simple framework for analyzing this situation. We propose a relative multicrop resistance (RMR) index that captures all possible scenarios of absolute and relative multicrop overyield under water stress. We dissect the ecological components of RMR to understand the relation between higher multicrop yield and land use efficiency and the ecological causes of different overyield scenarios. We demonstrate the use of this framework with data from a 128 microplot greenhouse experiment with small annual crops, arranged as seven-species multicrops and their corresponding monocrops, all under two contrasting watering regimes. We applied simple but robust statistical procedures to resulting data (based on bootstrap methods) to compare RMR, and its components, between different plants/plant parts. We also provide simple graphical tools to analyze the data.
关键词: agroecosystem sustainability crop overyielding intercrop drought resistance overyield ecological components
宋婷,李岱青,张林波,王光镇,高艳妮,杨春艳,冯朝阳,马欢
《中国工程科学》 2020年 第22卷 第1期 页码 64-72 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.01.007
秦巴山脉地区生态系统的生态安全格局对维护我国中部地区生态系统结构健康、控制生态过程起着关键性的作用,构建合理的生态安全格局是保障该地区生态安全的有效措施。本研究在对秦巴山脉地区水源涵养、物种多样性、生态固碳和土壤保持服务功能重要性评估的基础上,根据这四项生态服务功能在生态资产价值中所占比重赋予权重,结合生态系统敏感性分析结果,采用景观生态的源汇理论,利用热点分析工具识别秦巴山脉地区生态源地。运用最小累积阻力模型识别潜在生态廊道,在此基础上结合区域内河流水系、关键物种分布特征、自然保护区分布等要素形成带状生态廊道和踏脚石生态廊道;最终形成由6 大重要生态斑块、10 条河流廊道、2 条生物通道,以及26 处踏脚石廊道组成的秦巴山脉地区生态安全格局。基于生态系统服务功能重要性的生态安全格局构建,是在生态服务现状基础上提出的规划策略,可为秦巴山脉地区国家公园规划布局,区域生态保护规划和生态文明建设提供重要依据。
Calling systematic thinking in addressing water security issues
Jining CHEN, Pengfei DU
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第5期 页码 625-625 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0564-6
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1584-x
关键词: Nutrient stoichiometry Wastewater treatment Ecosystem functioning Water quality management
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Contribution of national bioassessment approaches for assessing ecological water security: an AUSRIVAS
Susan J. NICHOLS, Fiona J. DYER
期刊论文
Spatial distribution of ecological security status assessment of West-Liaohe River based on geographic
WANG Geng, WU Wei
期刊论文
HIGH QUALITY DEVELOPMENTAL APPROACH FOR SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION AND ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION ON THE
期刊论文
Water environment security indicator system for urban water management
Tian HAO, Pengfei DU, Yun GAO
期刊论文
WATER USE IN HUMAN CIVILIZATIONS: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY ANALYSIS OF A PERPETUAL SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL CHALLENGE
期刊论文
Ecological Risk Management of Drinking Water Project: The Case Study of Kunming City
Ji-liang Zheng,Jun Hu,Xuan Zhou,Ching Yuen Luk
期刊论文
HOW MULTISPECIES INTERCROP ADVANTAGE RESPONDS TO WATER STRESS: A YIELD-COMPONENT ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK
期刊论文